Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine

Original Article

Intraoperative Frozen Cytology of Central Nervous System Neoplasms: An Ancillary Tool for Frozen Diagnosis: Myunghee Kang, Dong Hae Chung, Na Rae Kim, Hyun Yee Cho, Seung Yeon Ha, Sangho Lee, Jungsuk An, Jae Yeon Seok, Gie-Taek Yie, Chan Jong Yoo, Sang Gu Lee, Eun Young Kim, Woo Kyung Kim, Seong Son, Sun Jin Sym, Dong Bok Shin, Hee Young Hwang, Eung Yeop Kim, Kyu Chan Lee; J Pathol Transl Med. 2019;53(2):104-111. Published online January 14, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2018.11.10

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Background
Pathologic diagnosis of central nervous system (CNS) neoplasms is made by comparing light microscopic, immunohistochemical, and molecular cytogenetic findings with clinicoradiologic observations. Intraoperative frozen cytology smears can improve the diagnostic accuracy for CNS neoplasms. Here, we evaluate the diagnostic value of cytology in frozen diagnoses of CNS neoplasms.
Methods
Cases were selected from patients undergoing both frozen cytology and frozen sections. Diagnostic accuracy was evaluated.
Results
Four hundred and fifty-four cases were included in this retrospective single-center review study covering a span of 10 years. Five discrepant cases (1.1%) were found after excluding 53 deferred cases (31 cases of tentative diagnosis, 22 cases of inadequate frozen sampling). A total of 346 cases of complete concordance and 50 cases of partial concordance were classified as not discordant cases in the present study. Diagnostic accuracy of intraoperative frozen diagnosis was 87.2%, and the accuracy was 98.8% after excluding deferred cases. Discrepancies between frozen and permanent diagnoses (n = 5, 1.1%) were found in cases of nonrepresentative sampling (n = 2) and misinterpretation (n = 3). High concordance was observed more frequently in meningeal tumors (97/98, 99%), metastatic brain tumors (51/52, 98.1%), pituitary adenomas (86/89, 96.6%), schwannomas (45/47, 95.8%), high-grade astrocytic tumors (47/58, 81%), low grade astrocytic tumors (10/13, 76.9%), non-neoplastic lesions (23/36, 63.9%), in decreasing frequency.
Conclusions
Using intraoperative cytology and frozen sections of CNS tumors is a highly accurate diagnostic ancillary method, providing subtyping of CNS neoplasms, especially in frequently encountered entities.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Intraoperative Integrated Diagnostic System for Malignant Central Nervous System Tumors
Takahiro Hayashi, Kensuke Tateishi, Shinichiro Matsuyama, Hiromichi Iwashita, Yohei Miyake, Akito Oshima, Hirokuni Honma, Jo Sasame, Katsuhiro Takabayashi, Kyoka Sugino, Emi Hirata, Naoko Udaka, Yuko Matsushita, Ikuma Kato, Hiroaki Hayashi, Taishi Nakamur
Clinical Cancer Research.2024; 30(1): 116. CrossRef
Unveiling the potential application of intraoperative brain smear for brain tumor diagnosis in low-middle-income countries: A comprehensive systematic review
Muhammad Shakir, Ahmed Altaf, Hawra Hussain, Syed Muhammad Aqeel Abidi, Zoey Petitt, Mahnoor Tariq, Ahmed Gilani, S. Ather Enam
Surgical Neurology International.2023; 14: 325. CrossRef
A comparative study of squash smear cytology diagnosis and radiological diagnosis with histopathology in central nervous system lesions
BN Kumarguru, G Santhipriya, SKranthi Kumar, RRamesh Kumar, AS Ramaswamy, P Janakiraman
Journal of Cytology.2022; 39(1): 1. CrossRef
Intraoperative squash cytology provides a qualitative intraoperative diagnosis for cases in which frozen section yields a diagnosis of equivocal brain tumour
Hirotaka Fujita, Takuma Tajiri, Tomohisa Machida, Nozomi Nomura, Suguru Toguchi, Hitoshi Itoh, Shinichiro Hiraiwa, Tomoko Sugiyama, Masaaki Imai, Shinri Oda, Masami Shimoda, Naoya Nakamura
Cytopathology.2020; 31(2): 106. CrossRef
Intraoperative frozen cytology of intraosseous cystic meningioma in the sphenoid bone
Na Rae Kim, Gie-Taek Yie
Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine.2020; 54(6): 508. CrossRef
Use of 5-Aminolevulinic Acid for Confirmation of Lesional Biopsy Sample in Presumed High-Grade Glioma
Victoria L. Watson, Jeffrey W. Cozzens
World Neurosurgery.2019; 132: 21. CrossRef

Case Report

Ectomesenchymal Chondromyxoid Tumor in the Anterior Tongue: Case Report of a Unique Tumor: Min Gyoung Pak, Kyung Bin Kim, Nari Shin, Woo Kyung Kim, Dong Hoon Shin, Kyung Un Choi, Mee Young Sol; Korean J Pathol. 2012;46(2):192-196. Published online April 25, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2012.46.2.192

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Abstract PDF

Ectomesenchymal chondromyxoid tumor (ECMT) is a rare tumor, exclusively arising in the anterior tongue. Thirty-eight cases have been reported in the English literature. It usually presents as a sessile protrusion and shows round to spindle cells embedded in myxoid to chondroid stroma. Tumor cells are almost always positive for polyclonal glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). We report our experience in the recent treatment of a case of ECMT, the third case in 3 years. The mass in the anterior tongue revealed characteristic morphologic features of ECMT and the expression of polyclonal GFAP. Although ECMT should be differentiated from other mesenchymal tumors including myoepithelioma, its clinical, morphological, and immunohistochemical features enable its diagnosis, especially when pathologists are aware of it.

Citations

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Ectomesenchymal chondromyxoid tumor of the oral cavity: a report of 5 new cases with comprehensive review of the literature and clinicohistopathologic features
Molly Housley Smith, Jack Moynihan
Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology.2023; 135(3): 410. CrossRef
Chondroid choristoma of the tongue: A rare case report
Sumaiya Nezam, Roquaiya Nishat, ShababAhmed Khan, JeevendraNath Shukla
National Journal of Maxillofacial Surgery.2022; 13(4): 121. CrossRef
Ectomesenchymal chondromyxoid tumor: a comprehensive updated review of the literature and case report
Astrid Truschnegg, Stephan Acham, Lumnije Kqiku, Norbert Jakse, Alfred Beham
International Journal of Oral Science.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
Clinical features of ectomesenchymal chondromyxoid tumors: A systematic review of the literature
Masanari G. Kato, Evren Erkul, Kendall S. Brewer, Emily E. Harruff, Shaun A. Nguyen, Terry A. Day
Oral Oncology.2017; 67: 192. CrossRef
Cyclin D1 Expression in Ectomesenchymal Chondromyxoid Tumor of the Anterior Tongue
Jan Laco, Radovan Mottl, Walter Höbling, Stephan Ihrler, Petr Grossmann, Alena Skalova, Ales Ryska
International Journal of Surgical Pathology.2016; 24(7): 586. CrossRef
Nodular lesion in the buccal mucosa
Bruna Jalfim Maraschin, Ana Carolina Amorim Pellicioli, Lélia Batista de Souza, Pantelis Varvaki Rados, Marco Antonio Trevizani Martins, Manoela Domingues Martins
The Journal of the American Dental Association.2015; 146(3): 196. CrossRef

Original Article

Molecular Biological Characteristics of Differentiated Early Gastric Cancer on the Basis of Mucin Expression.: Nari Shin, Hye Yeon Kim, Woo Kyung Kim, Min Gyung Park, Kyung Bin Kim, Dong Hoon Shin, Kyung Un Choi, Jee Yeon Kim, Chang Hun Lee, Gi Young Huh, Mee Young Sol, Do Youn Park; Korean J Pathol. 2011;45(1):69-78.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2011.45.1.69

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Abstract PDF

BACKGROUND
It is clear that the biologic characteristics of gastric cancer are different on the basis of mucin phenotypes. However, there are unabated controversies on the exact biologic differences of mucin expression in gastric cancer.
METHODS
We analyzed various protein expressions and microsatellite instability (MSI) status based on mucin expression in 130 differentiated early gastric adenocarcinoma cases. Furthermore, we evaluated the genomic alternation in 10 selected differentiated early gastric adenocarcinoma cases using array based comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH).
RESULTS
Intestinal mucin predominant subtype showed significantly elevated p53 protein and caudal-related homeobox 2 expression, and delocalization of beta catenin expressions compared to the gastric mucin predominant subtype. On MSI status, the gastric mucin predominant subtype more frequently showed unstable status than the intestinal mucin predominant subtype. CGH study showed more frequent chromosomal gain and loss in the intestinal mucin predominant subtype than the gastric mucin predominant subtype, albeit without statistical significance. Interestingly, there were significant differences in chromosomal alternation between four mucin phenotypes.
CONCLUSIONS
Study results suggest possible different points of biologic behaviors in early differentiated gastric adenocarcinomas by mucin expression type.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Mucin Expression in Gastric Cancer: Reappraisal of Its Clinicopathologic and Prognostic Significance
Dae Hwan Kim, Nari Shin, Gwang Ha Kim, Geum Am Song, Tae-Yong Jeon, Dong-Heon Kim, Gregory Y. Lauwers, Do Youn Park
Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine.2013; 137(8): 1047. CrossRef
Microsatellite Instability Status in Gastric Cancer: A Reappraisal of Its Clinical Significance and Relationship with Mucin Phenotypes
Joo-Yeun Kim, Na Ri Shin, Ahrong Kim, Hyun-Jeong Lee, Won-young Park, Jee-Yeon Kim, Chang-Hun Lee, Gi-Young Huh, Do Youn Park
Korean Journal of Pathology.2013; 47(1): 28. CrossRef

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